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Avoid Fired Foods If You Have Wrong Genes! Over the past 30 years, there has been a rise in the prevalence of obesity globally, which is primarily driven by changes in lifestyles such as lack of physical activity and unhealthy diet. Obesity is a significant health issue because it will eventually lead to development of many chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, stroke and certain kinds of cancer. Comparing to the rest of the world, the prevalence of obesity in the United States is much higher partly due to higher consumption of fast foods in the United States. Frying is a common and traditional cooking method for the Westerners, especially outside of the home. Fried foods make up a substantial proportion of the items sold at fast food restaurants that are consumed by about a third of Americans each day. Several previous studies have indicated that fried food consumption is positively linked to obesity and related chronic diseases, but they did not consider the potential modification by an individual’s genetic make-up. Researchers from Harvard School of Public Health and Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School argued that obesity is a complex condition that has a genetic basis but requires environmental influence to manifest itself. They also believe that the adipogenic response to environmental exposures varies by genetic background, supporting the possible existence of interactions between genes and diet/lifestyle factors.
To find out if obesity related genetic factors could modify the link between fried food consumption and adiposity, the researchers examined data from 9623 women from the Nurses’ Health Study, 6379 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, and a replication cohort of 21,421 women from the Women’s Genome Health Study. All participants filled out food frequency questionnaires on how often they ate fried foods both at home and away from home. Body mass index (BMI) and lifestyle factors like physical activity, were also assessed. All of them had DNA tests, too. The research team calculated a genetic risk score based on 32 different genetic mutations linked with obesity risk (BMI). It was found that the association between overconsumption of fried foods and obesity was particularly noticeable among people with a greater genetic predisposition to obesity. On the other hand, the genetic effect on BMI among those who ate fried foods more than 4 times a week was about twice as large compared with those who ate them less than once a week, after taking into account other dietary and lifestyle factors. Their findings were published on March 19, 2014 in the ‘British Medical Journal’. Fried food like French fries might be especially bad for people with the wrong genes. People who ate a lot of fried foods were also found to drink more sugary drinks, exercise less and have other bad habits, but the fried food factor really stood out. Obesity-causing genetic mutations can disrupt appetite control systems in the brain and so affected people are unlikely to be able to maintain long-term dietary restraint, according to researchers who also insisted that offering them some types of weight loss surgery like adjustable gastric banding is not wise. Being a good example of depicting interaction between genes and environment, the new study also showed that people are not all created equal when it comes to the risk of overweight or obesity. It might also indicate that same medical approaches would not work in everyone who needs to lose weight. While the mechanism behind how this happens is still unclear, it is possible that genes can control metabolism and appetite, and they might also be linked with the ability to control eating. There is no doubt that fried food is delicious but it is also harmful. If everyone, regardless of fat or thin, can just avoid fried foods, then there should not be any worry about what kind of genes one is having.
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