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Does Slim Hypertensive People Have Higher Cardiovascular Risk? While overweight or obese people with hypertension (high blood pressure) could end up with disastrous outcome, some previous studies done in the past 30 years did suggest that thinner people with hypertension might have worse outcomes than overweight or obese people. Chronic events linked to hypertension include diabetes, heart disease, kidney failure, stroke and cancer. A new study, however, suggested that hypertension is equally danger for both slim and obese people. The findings were published online June 15, 2015 in journal ‘Hypertension’ by researchers from Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University in Chicago, Johns Hopkins School University, Baltimore, Wake Forest School of Medicine and Oregon Health and Science University, Portland. 3,657 men and women were involved in the study. These participants had no heart disease, diabetes or cancer at the time of enrolment. They were divided into 7 groups based on BMI ((underweight, healthy, overweight, obese and very obese) and waist circumference, using ethnicity-specific parameters in both cases. BMI (body mass index) is a measure of weight relative to height, and waist circumference indicates the degree of fat around the torso, which is linked to heart disease risk. For instance, a healthy or “optimal” waist circumference is less than 102 centimeters (40.16 inches) in men and less than 88 cm (34.6 in) in women for white, black and Hispanic ethnicity, and for Chinese ethnicity, less than 90 cm (35.4 in) in men and less than 80 cm (31.5 inches) in women.
Data on height, weight, waist circumference and blood pressure readings were collected at the start of the study. At the start of the study, 1,054 people fell in the healthy BMI range, 1,568 were overweight and 1,172 were obese or very obese. Most people with a healthy weight also had a waist circumference within the optimal range, whereas almost all obese people had a non-optimal waist circumference. Almost 350 of those with a healthy weight had high blood pressure, compared to more than 550 of those in the obese category. The participants were called to check in about any hospital admissions, procedures, cardiovascular diagnoses or deaths every 9 to 12 months for an average of 10 years for each participant. During the study, there were 273 cardiovascular disease events (heart disease and stroke) and for every weight category, those with high blood pressure were more likely to suffer one than those without high blood pressure. It was also found that healthy-weight people with no high blood pressure had the lowest risk for heart attack or stroke, obese people without high blood pressure had a higher risk, and healthy-weight and obese people with high blood pressure had equally high risks. In fact, researchers from University of Michigan and associates reported in 2008 that among the participants studied, about 51 percent (roughly 36 million nationwide) of the overweight people had normal blood pressure, cholesterol levels, triglycerides and blood sugar, almost 1/3 of obese adults, or nearly 20 million people, were also in this healthy range (none or only one of these measures was abnormal), and about 1/4 of adults with normal weight range had unhealthy levels of at least 2 of these measures. Normal weight people with hypertension have similar high absolute risk as obese people, as indicated in the study. As such, normal weight people should not think that they can be spared from hypertension. Getting hypertension under control is important for prevention of cardiovascular disease. First, one should adopt a healthy lifestyle that include losing weight if overweight or obese, lowering intake of sodium (salt), not smoking and increasing physical activity. Then, for people already have hypertension, they should adhere to the treatment and medication management prescribed by their doctors.
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