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Why
Creamy Food Can Make One Fat? Creamy ice cream, smooth salad dressings or cream cheese are yummy! But does anyone wonder how these foods are made? The ingredients used to help foods creamy and keep them mixed are known as food emulsifiers or emulgents. During preparation of food, each of the natural components of food like carbohydrate, protein, oil and fat, water and air has its own properties that are often conflicting. To make these components compatible with each other, emulsifiers are used. Food emulsifiers help otherwise unmixable ingredients blend together. Some emulsifiers are natural, like milk, or egg yolk that makes mayonnaise (oil, lemon juice and yolks) smooth and creamy. There are artificial emulsifiers that are commercially made, some of which have a chemical structure similar to detergent, according to researchers from Georgia State University, Cornell University, and Bar Ilan University in Israel. Evidence was found in their study that at least some commercial emulsifiers might mess up the balance of good germs in the gut. These emulsifiers alter microbiota of the gut and promote the inflammatory processes that can lead to obesity-linked diseases such as diabetes. These emulsifiers might even help cause people to overeat. Their findings were published online February 25, 2015 in journal ‘Nature’.
The theory is that the artificial emulsifiers, which are designed to hold little globs of fat in place in a liquid to keep them from floating to the top, can disrupt the mucus that lines the gut. This can in turn cause inflammation and might allow good germs to leak out. The researchers tested their theory by feeding mice 2 commonly used emulsifiers: polysorbate 80 and carboxymethylcellulose. These emulsifiers fall into a category FDA (Food And Drug Administration) calls generally regarded as safe. Using several different experiments, it was found that feeding the mice these products changed the balance of germs living in their digestive systems. Mice genetically prone to bowel diseases developed chronic colitis. Normal mice developed mild inflammation of the intestine and metabolic syndrome and they also started overeating. Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine. Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are the principal types of inflammatory bowel disease, and they are not medically curable. On the other hand, when a person has 3 out of 5 of medical conditions, namely abdominal (central) obesity (large waistline), high blood pressure, elevated fasting blood sugar, high triglyceride level, and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, he or she is said to have metabolic syndrome. The risk for heart disease, diabetes, and stroke increases with the number of metabolic risk factors one has. In general, a person who has metabolic syndrome is twice as likely to develop heart disease and 5 times as likely to develop diabetes as someone who does not have metabolic syndrome. Researchers do not agree with the commonly held assumption that over-eating is a central cause of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Instead, they insist that their findings reinforce the concept found by previous studies that low-grade inflammation resulting from an altered microbiota can be an underlying cause of excess eating. Nevertheless, the researchers stress that emulsifiers are not but overindulging, lack of exercises and other unhealthy lifestyle choices are the main causes that could contribute to obesity. According to scientists not involved in the study, the findings are not convincing unless more evidence can be provided. They pointed out that amount of emulsifiers fed to mice to generate the effect (1 percent of food or water intake) were massive and were far beyond the amount taken in the usual diet. Others argued that fat, sugar and calories provided by ice cream are far more likely to contribute to weight gain than these additives. Plan has been made to test whether natural emulsifier like lecithin found in eggs and soy has the same effect on mice. Human trials have been planned, too.
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